The paired electrons in the valence shell don’t participate in chemical bond formation. Several valence unpaired electrons of an atom allow it to form multiple covalent bonds with other atoms.Thus, the stability of the resulting molecule increases. The place between the bonding atoms has a high electron density due to overlapping.Overlapping two half-filled, valence orbitals that belong to two different atoms leads to covalent bond formation.The key points of the VB theory are as follows: It emphasizes how the nucleus of an atom in a molecule attracts the electrons of the other atoms. The theory concentrates on electronic configuration, overlapping atomic orbitals, and hybridisation concepts. Using the Schrodinger wave equation, the formation of a covalent bond was explained in two hydrogen atoms. The German physicists- Fritz Wolfgang and Walter Heinrich Heitler put forth the valence bond theory and addressed all the prevalent issues. It could not shed light on the geometry of complex molecules. Valence shell electron pair repulsion theory ( VSEPR theory) has limited applications.It failed to describe the formation of chemical bonds. The Lewis approach to chemical bonding.Scientists made several attempts to explain chemical bonding, such as In contrast, the Molecular Orbital (MO) hypothesis is useful for comprehending bonds more generally. The forms of covalent compounds are well qualitatively described by VB theory. The VB theory predicts that there are no unpaired electrons in molecular oxygen. Metal bonding involves the resonance of electron-pair bonds between every atom and its neighbours. Therefore, extensively overlapping orbitals form stronger bonds. The covalent bond strength depends on the extent of orbital overlap. The force of mutual attraction between negatively charged electron pairs and positively charged nuclei of the two atoms links them via a covalent bond. The single electrons of each orbital come together to form an electron pair.An orbital of one atom overlaps the orbital of another atom.So, a covalent bond is formed when the following two conditions are present:.Orbital overlapping is when a portion of an orbital occupies the same region as a second orbital.These orbitals together yield a pair of shared electrons between the two bonded atoms. A covalent bond result from overlapping half-filled atomic orbitals wherein each contains a single electron.Electrons in a molecule stay in atomic orbitals instead of molecular orbitals.What is the Valence Bond Theory?Īccording to the Valence Bond theory definition, Additionally, it highlights how one atom’s nucleus in a molecule is drawn to the electrons of the other atoms. The overlapping of atomic orbitals creates molecules, and the valence bond theory continues by explaining the electronic structure of those molecules. What is valence bond theory? A description of individual bond formation from the atomic orbitals of the participating atoms during a molecule formation is referred to as VB theory. The Valence Bond theory explains chemical bonding using quantum mechanics. Understanding the nature of bonding is vital for studying coordination compounds.

Graphite chemical bond